Speaker
Description
Elliptical (E) and spiral (S) galaxies follow tight, but different,
scaling laws linking their stellar masses, radii, and characteristic velocities.
Mass and velocity, for example, scale tightly in spirals with little dependence on galaxy radius (the “Tully-Fisher relation”; TFR). On the other
hand, ellipticals appear to trace a 2D surface in size-massvelocity space
(the “Fundamental Plane”; FP). Over the years, a number of studies have
attempted to understand these empirical relations, usually in terms of
variations of the virial theorem for E galaxies and in terms of the scaling relations of dark matter halos for spirals. We use Lambda Cold Dark
Matter (LCDM) cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to show that
the observed relations of both ellipticals and spirals arise as the result of
(i) a tight galaxy mass-dark halo mass relation, and (ii) the selfsimilar
mass profile of CDM halos. In this interpretation, E and S galaxies of
given stellar mass inhabit halos of similar mass, and their different scaling laws result from the varying amounts of dark matter enclosed within
their luminous radii. This scenario suggests a new galaxy distance indicator applicable to galaxies of all morphologies, and provides simple and
intuitive explanations for long-standing puzzles, such as why the TFR is
independent of surface brightness, or what causes the “tilt” in the FP.
Our results provide strong support for the predictions of LCDM in the
strongly non-linear regime, as well as guidance for further improvements
to cosmological simulations of galaxy formation.
