Speaker
Description
Ethnic Online Hate Speech (eOHS) includes all expressions of online hatred directed toward ethnic minorities and individuals of migrant background, with a significant negative impact on the mental health of affected groups. Despite its distinctive characteristics – a direct attack on collective identities rather than on individuals – prior research indicates that eOHS shares similarities with other forms of online aggression, such as cyberbullying (Fulantelli et al., 2022). This systematic review seeks to: (1) examine and clarify the definition, measurement, and operationalization of eOHS, (2) evaluate the impact of eOHS on exposure, targeting, and perpetration roles, and (3) identify protective and risk factors.
In October 2024, a systematic search across Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycInfo databases identified 1,935 articles, of which 38 studies were selected according to PRISMA guidelines. Preliminary findings reveal considerable variability in the operationalization of eOHS, with substantial overlap with online discrimination and cyberbullying. This overlap complicates the clear identification of eOHS in empirical studies, leading to ambiguous research outcomes, thereby underscoring the need for a validated measurement tool. Analysis of the roles within eOHS reveals extensive conceptual overlap with victimization related to online discrimination and cyberbullying, with limited data on the perpetrator's role.
This review provides practical and methodological guidance for future eOHS research, aiming to identify key factors to mitigate its impacts. Results could inform strategies to prevent eOHS, support active bystanders, and promote "speaking up" responses.
Keywords
systematic review; online hate speech; ethnic; ethnic OHS; cyberbullying
| Please indicate what type of scientific contribution it is | Quantitative method study |
|---|---|
| Please also indicate what kind of contribution it is: | Scientific |
